This data is provided as an additional tool in helping ensure edition identification: Lone Wolf v. The below data was compiled from various identification fields in the bibliographic record of this title. This book does not contain the Court’s opinion or any filings in this case. This book contains the official US Supreme Court Transcript of Record for this case. This collection serves the needs of students and researchers in American legal history, politics, society and government, as well as practicing attorneys. It includes transcripts, applications for review, motions, petitions, supplements and other official papers of the most-studied and talked-about cases, including many that resulted in landmark decisions. Supreme Court Records and Briefs, 1832-1978 contains the world’s most comprehensive collection of records and briefs brought before the nation’s highest court by leading legal practitioners – many who later became judges and associates of the court. In… Treaty, TreatyĪ compact made between two or more independent nations with a view to the publicwelfare.Ī treaty is an agreement in written form between nati… Indian Education, Education, IndianĮDUCATION, INDIAN.The Making of Modern Law: U.S. Richard Henry Pratt, an army officer on the southern Plains, made an interesting observation in the late nineteenth centu… United States Supreme Court Decisions, The Cherokee nation, located in the state of Georgia, sought to remain on its territory and be viewed legally as an independent, sovereign nation. Hitchcock is discussed: Native American: Allotment: the Supreme Court determined, in Lone Wolf v. Established in 1863 and running through some of the richest game lands on the Northe… Bureau Of Indian Affairs, The Bureau of Indian Affairs (BIA) is the federal agency responsible for administering policies for Indian nations and communities. Treaty Of Laramie Fort, LARAMIE, FORT, TREATY OF (1868) See also Dawes General Allotment Act Indian Treaties. Lincoln: University of Nebraska Press, 1984. The Great Father: The United States Government and the American Indian. Lincoln: University of Nebraska Press, 1994. On June 6, 1901, a bill was filed on the equity side of the supreme court of the District of Columbia, wherein Lone Wolf (one of the appellants herein) was named as complainant, suing for himself as well as for all other members of the confederated tribes of the Kiowa, Comanche, and Apache Indians, residing in the territory of Okiahoma. "Hitchcock": Treaty Rights and Indian Law at the End of the Nineteenth Century. Throughout the twentieth century, Congress passed numerous acts that violated Indian treaties, including the termination era laws of the 1950s and the 1960s, which attempted to "terminate" the federal trust status of Indian lands and communities. Placing Indian affairs under the power of Congress, the Supreme Court set the landmark precedent that treaties were not immune from congressional acts. Hitchcock, the Supreme Court affirmed the rulings of the lower courts and ruled that Congress has "the power … to abrogate the provisions of an Indian treaty" and that Article 12 of the Medicine Lodge Treaty did not protect the Kiowa-Comanches from congressional rulings. Government agencies lacked the signatures of a three-fourths majority of Indians, and Lone Wolf and other Kiowa-Comanche landholders who had lost access to their treaty lands following allotment sued. With the passing of the Dawes General Allotment Act of 1887, Congress systematically attacked the communal land base of all Indian reservations, and in Indian Territory government agents pressured Comanche and Kiowa groups to allot their reservation lands. Article 12 of the treaty states that no further land cessions would occur "unless executed and signed by at least three fourths of all the adult male Indians" within the reservation and that no individuals would lose access to their existing treaty lands. Following increased white migration and conflict, the Kiowas and Comanches signed the Treaty of Medicine Lodge in 1867, which created a sizable reservation for them in Indian Territory. The Kiowas and Comanches dominated the southern Plains for much of the Spanish, Mexican, and early American periods. Hitchcock, the Supreme Court undermined the legal supremacy of Indian treaties and placed Indian affairs under the plenary power of the U.S. Once ratified by Congress, treaties became law, the foundation for Indian rights. Treaties between the federal government and Indian nations became the primary mechanism for adjudicating differences, ending wars, and ceding lands. Constitution places American Indian affairs and policies solely in the hands of the federal government, and throughout the nineteenth century the Supreme Court rearticulated and affirmed this "government to government" relationship.
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